tshitimu | s/he is lazy | nitshitimin | I am lazy |
shikatshu | s/he is cold | apu shikatshit | s/he is not cold |
The verbs above have short i stems that disappear when the -u of the 3rd person Independent Indicative Present (the dictionary form) is added. But other forms reveal the i, for example the first person form nitshitimin or the conjunct shikatshit used after the negative particle apu.
pushu | s/he gets on board | pushi! | get on board! |
maushu | s/he picks berries | tshimaushin | you pick berries |
innishu | s/he is intelligent | tshitinnishinau | you (pl) are intelligent |
mitshu | s/he eats it | tshimitshinan | we eat it |
kushtatshu | s/he is afraid | nikushtatshinan | we are afraid |
tshimutu | s/he cheats | eka tshimuti! | don’t cheat! |
kuashkutu | s/he jumps | kuashkutitau! | let’s jump! |
apu | s/he sits | apipan | s/he was sitting |
kushpu | s/he goes to the country | nikushpinan | we go to the country |
aimu | s/he speaks | aimi! | speak! |
tshitimu | s/he is lazy | nitshitimiti | I was lazy |
Short i stem verbs can easily be confused with short u stems, because the short vowels are not pronounced [i] or [u], but often as [ǝ]The sound [ǝ] is pronounced like the e in English problem.. The spelling of the verb forms for these stems requires some learning where short u is not pronounced. For example, pushu s/he gets on board gives nipushin I get on board, pronounced [nǝpu∫ǝn], which means it’s a short i stem.
All verb stems are indicated in the dictionary.